Classification of Criminal Legal Signs of Restriction of Freedom, Appointed as an Additional Punishment to Imprisonment, and Features of Establishing Malicious Evasion from Serving This Type of Punishment During the Investigation

The article provides statistics from the Judicial Department of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation on the number of persons sentenced to imprisonment, on additional punishment in the form of restriction of liberty, added to the deprivation of liberty. Verified percentages are given indicating the number of convicts under Part 1 of Article 314 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation for 2020–2024. 53 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), their author's classification is given: mandatory and optional are distinguished. The content of conditional and unconditional violations of the order of serving a sentence in the form of restriction of freedom, defined by legal norms, is revealed. Based on the legal norms and the Resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, the definition of a convicted person who has maliciously violated the procedure for serving a restriction of freedom and is subject to criminal liability is derived. The characteristics of such subjects and their attitude to the execution of punishments, including the previous one, are briefly given. Attention is drawn to the problems of reviewing reports of a crime, the search for those who evade serving their sentences, the conduct of an inquiry, shortcomings are noted, and recommendations are made to intensify the investigation. Based on the generalization of practice, the situations that should be resolved when considering criminal cases under Part 1 of Article 314 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation in court are presented. In conclusion, the author's attitude to the type of punishment under consideration, its expediency, and proposals aimed at improving the effectiveness of correctional officials, penal enforcement inspections (branches), interrogators, and heads of defense departments are presented in detail.

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