Liberalism: Ideology, Law, Political Regime

Abstract

The reason for the study was the discussion that continues to be lively in the scientific community and society about the means and methods of exercising political power that correspond to the modern understanding of the role of the state and law in people's lives. The relevance of the research is determined by the gap between the importance that philosophical, economic and political ideas that make up the essence of liberal ideology have for social development, and the level of their penetration into public consciousness and social practice. This contradiction is significantly reinforced by the versatile and tendentious criticism of liberal ideas, which further blurs their understanding and complicates their perception by the public authorities and the state regime. Today there is no doubt that the processes of public administration should be carried out under the control of society, therefore the influence of legal science on them, as a socially organized form of cognition of these processes, is difficult to overestimate. The author, considering the most general ideological foundations and fundamental principles of liberalism, concludes that they are of lasting value for overcoming existing social contradictions and achieving social well-being. The political regime mediates the ideological, ideological and legal spheres that characterize the cultural and value characteristics of society that influence the formation of political power in a given country. Liberalism as a political ideology connects the achievement of high quality of life indicators with the provision of freedom and equal opportunities for individuals to implement their legitimate actions aimed at embodying their ideas about their place in society. The degree of liberalization of society directly affects the methods of exercising political power, political freedom, the level of state violence in the country, respect for human and civil rights and freedoms.