Proving and Assessing Damage to Information Infrastructure

Abstract

In the context of the rapid digitalization of society and the economy, information infrastructure, including critical facilities, is of paramount importance for the stability and security of the state, as well as for the continuity of large businesses. Cybercrime, as a threat to this infrastructure, poses a serious challenge to national and international law enforcement systems. The key aspect in countering cybercrime is the concept of "harm to the information infrastructure", defining its boundaries and developing effective mechanisms for establishing and proving the fact of causing such harm. This article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the legislative regulation of the concept of "harm to information infrastructure" in various jurisdictions. In particular, the regulatory acts of Great Britain, Vietnam, China, Malaysia, Singapore, the United States of America, and the European Union countries in this area have been analyzed. The paper will address problematic issues that arise when establishing and proving the harm caused by cybercrimes to objects of critical information infrastructure, using scientific sources, regulatory legal acts and examples from judicial practice.