Personal Income Tax as an Instrument for Regulating Social Inequality

Abstract

The study analyzes the features of taxation systems in the global economy, taking into account the identification of their relationship with income inequality of the population. The aim of the study is to determine the level of the existing socio-economic inequality in the implementation of a cross-country comparison of the level of differentiation of society in relation to the income received and the level of wealth to substantiate the possibilities of improving the progressive personal income tax scale used based on the experience of world countries in the Russian Federation. In order to achieve this goal, the main trends in the dynamics of economic inequality in the global aspect, the current fiscal systems and the peculiarities of taxation of individuals by individual countries are investigated. Various general scientific and special methods were used in the course of the study: statistical method, mathematical modeling and analysis. The results of the study are based on the element of the scientific hypothesis of the theoretical substantiation of the possibility and feasibility of improving the progressive income taxation system in Russia, which makes it possible to smooth out economic inequality and implement the tasks of state social policy in the medium term. The results of the study may be of practical importance in the formation of incentive measures in the field of fiscal regulation and the effectiveness of the financial policy in providing additional tax deductions and benefits, as well as social support for the population.