The Concept, Classification and Essence of Terms in Civil Law: Theoretical and Law Enforcement Aspects

Civil law establishes and regulates the institution of terms. The correct determination of the terms contributes to the effectiveness of civil law regulation, disciplines the participants in civil legal relations, encouraging them to protect their rights in a timely manner and fulfill contractual obligations. Civilian scientists do not stop arguing about how to better and more accurately formulate the concept of terms and the concept of limitation, what should be the duration of some special terms, how to more accurately determine the moment when the limitation period begins to flow in case of poor performance of work under a work contract, etc. In the science of civil law, there are still quite a few controversial regulations and debatable issues regarding the essence of civil law terms, their classification and application, which necessitates scientific understanding and analysis of such problems. The theoretical basis of this article is the works of famous scientists such as M. M. Agarkov, V. P. Gribanov, M. A. Gurvich, O. A. Krasavchikov, D. I. Meyer and others. The methodological basis of this article is made up of general scientific and special research methods, such as formal-logical, systemic, comparative, methods of analysis and synthesis, and the method of generalization. The article formulates the concept of a civil term, highlights the features that characterize this legal category. The classifications of terms existing in the doctrine of civil law are analyzed. Scientific approaches to the relationship between the concepts of preemptive terms and limitation periods have been studied.

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