F.R.Germany's Experience in Awarding Academic Titles

Abstract

The procedure of unification of academic titles within the frameworks of the modern integration concept in the European education system is directly related to the unification of academic degrees and, a priori, is strongly determined by the confrontation of the traditional and Bologna models of education. The traditional model of higher education in Germany, based on the Humboldt system, which in historical retrospect was considered as a reference model, not subject to any modernization. It was initially personified, partly ritual and complex, not oriented towards the flow version of education. For a long time, it had been proved its effectiveness and fully contributed to both the scientific and economic progress of Germany. A teacher - a doctor - a professor is, first of all, a statesman with a very high legal status, which inevitably found its reflection in the position and academic title. This procedure, one way or another, was relevant before the 80s of the twentieth century. Serious changes in the educational system of the Federal Republic of Germany took place in 1988, when in Bologna, at the congress of European rectors, the Universal Charter of Universities was adopted (Magna Charta Unifersitatum). This formally framework, but fundamental document has initiated the reform of the very fundaments of German educational system.