Institute of Emancipation in Ancient Rome and its Reception in the Legislation of Modern Russia

The article deals with the development of emancipation procedures, i.e., emancipation upon reaching the age of 16 from the custody of parents or a guardian with their consent, in Ancient Rome. Its evolution is tracked depending on the modification of the social structure of society: from a strictly hierarchical Patriarchal family to its disintegration due to the expansion of economic independence of members of society. The reception of Roman law formed the basis for the legislation of many European States, including the legal system of Russia as part of the Romano-Germanic legal family. The division of the right into private and public, the institution of emancipation, and the institution of guardianship and guardianship were almost entirely borrowed. The article traces the influence of Roman law in the regulation of civil legal capacity, namely, the division of minors by the degree of restriction of legal capacity into age categories. In modern domestic doctrine, the institute of emancipation does not have an unambiguous assessment. Some lawyers believe that thanks to it, minor citizens will be able to gain economic independence, while others believe that it is necessary to resort to emancipation in exceptional cases, more precisely with the material disadvantage of the minor and his family.

roman law, emancipation procedure, reception, family law, legal relations between parents and children, paternal authority, legal capacity, legal capacity, agnates, cognates, Patriarchal family

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