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Philosophical and ideological foundations of B.N. Chicherin's legal doctrine and their significance for the reform of the state structure of the Russian Federation

https://doi.org/10.21686/2411-118X-2026-2-47-54

Abstract

The article examines the actual problem of choosing the conceptual foundations for adapting the state structure of the Russian Federation to modern challenges. The author draws on the philosophical and legal legacy of B.N. Chicherin, a prominent representative of Russian legal thought, who created the original doctrine of "protective liberalism" as a theoretical source. combining liberal and conservative ideas based on Christian values and Hegelian philosophy. Special attention is paid to the key provisions of Chicherin's teaching: the idea of a rule-of-law state, the balance between individual freedom and the power of the state, the role of religion and morality in social development, the need to take into account national characteristics in state-legal construction. The article reveals the key factors in the formation of Chicherin's views (the experience of the European revolutions of the 1840s and Hegel's philosophy), as well as the main provisions of his metaphysics of law: understanding personality as an absolute value, distinguishing internal (moral) and external (legal) freedom, criticism of legal positivism. The influence of Chicherin's ideas on modern Russian philosophy of law (including the concepts of V.S. Nersesyants and S.S. Alekseev) is traced and their relevance for the formation of an effective management system is substantiated.

Special attention is paid to Chicherin's revision of the Hegelian dialectic (replacing the triad with the tetrad) and his historiosophical schemes justifying the special role of the state in Russia. It is shown that the Chicherin model of the rule of law, combining strong centralized authority with guarantees of civil liberties and balance of public and private interests, retains a high heuristic potential. Based on the analysis of the case, it is concluded that Chicherin's ideas can be used to develop a roadmap for the reform of the state structure of the Russian Federation, taking into account national characteristics, principles of social justice, humanism and harmony of interests of the individual and the state.

About the Authors

M. O. Rumyantseva
Plekhanov Russian University of Economics; Russian Customs Academy
Russian Federation

PhD in Law, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Law Disciplines of the PRUE; Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Law of Russian Customs Academy.

36 Stremyanny Lane, Moscow, 117997; 4 Komsomolsky Avenue, Lyubertsy, 140015



A. I. Fedorishhenko
Russian Customs Academy
Russian Federation

PhD in Philosophy, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Humanities of Russian Customs Academy.

4 Komsomolsky Avenue, Lyubertsy, 140015



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For citations:


Rumyantseva M.O., Fedorishhenko A.I. Philosophical and ideological foundations of B.N. Chicherin's legal doctrine and their significance for the reform of the state structure of the Russian Federation. ECONOMICS. LAW. SOCIETY. 2026;11(2):47-54. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21686/2411-118X-2026-2-47-54

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ISSN 2411-118X (Print)